Matching bias Dual process theory

example of wason selection task.

the wason selection task provides evidence matching bias. test designed measure of person s logical thinking ability. performance on wason selection task sensitive content , context presented. if introduce negative component conditional statement of wason selection task, e.g. if there 1 side of card there not 3 on other side , there strong tendency choose cards match items in negative condition test, regardless of logical status. changing test test of following rules rather truth , falsity condition participants ignore logic because follow rule, e.g. changing test test of police officer looking underaged drinkers. original task more difficult because requires explicit , abstract logical thought system 2, , police officer test cued relevant prior knowledge system 1.

studies have shown can train people inhibit matching bias provides neuropsychological evidence dual-process theory of reasoning. when compare trials before , after training there evidence forward shift in activated brain area. pre-test results showed activation in locations along ventral pathway , post-test results showed activation around ventro-medial prefrontal cortex , anterior cingulate. matching bias has been shown generalise syllogistic reasoning.