Roman Empire and the Gothic Kingdom Spain

roman theatre, mérida



toledo, capital of visigothic kingdom

during second punic war, between 210 , 205 bc expanding roman republic captured carthaginian trading colonies along mediterranean coast. although took romans 2 centuries complete conquest of iberian peninsula, retained control of on 6 centuries. roman rule bound law, language, , roman road.

the cultures of celtic , iberian populations gradually romanised (latinised) @ different rates depending on part of hispania lived in, local leaders being admitted roman aristocratic class. hispania served granary roman market, , harbors exported gold, wool, olive oil, , wine. agricultural production increased introduction of irrigation projects, of remain in use. emperors hadrian, trajan, theodosius i, , philosopher seneca born in hispania. christianity introduced hispania in 1st century ad , became popular in cities in 2nd century ad. of spain s present languages , religion, , basis of laws, originate period.

reccared , bishops. council iii of toledo, 589. codex vigilanus, fol. 145, biblioteca del escorial.

the weakening of western roman empire s jurisdiction in hispania began in 409, when germanic suebi , vandals, sarmatian alans entered peninsula @ invitation of roman usurper. these tribes had crossed rhine in 407 , ravaged gaul. suebi established kingdom in today modern galicia , northern portugal whereas vandals established in southern spain 420 before crossing on north africa in 429 , taking carthage in 439. western empire disintegrated, social , economic base became simplified: in modified form, successor regimes maintained many of institutions , laws of late empire, including christianity , assimilation evolving roman culture.

the byzantines established occidental province, spania, in south, intention of reviving roman rule throughout iberia. eventually, however, hispania reunited under visigothic rule.

the spanish-gothic scholars such braulio of zaragoza , isidore of seville played important role in keeping classical greek , roman culture. isidore 1 of influential clerics , philosophers in middle ages in europe, , theories vital conversion of visigothic kingdom arian domain catholic 1 in councils of toledo. gothic kingdom first independent christian kingdom ruling in iberian peninsula, , in reconquista referent different kingdoms fighting against muslim rule. isidore created first western encyclopaedia had huge impact during middle ages.

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