First landings Skanderbeg's Italian expedition

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skanderbeg s letter ferdinand of naples.

giovanni orsini prince of taranto , ferdinand s fiercest rival. had been, however, alfonso s faithful ally , had developed admiration skanderbeg , campaigns in albania. after skanderbeg had sided rival, orsini allied angevins , refused recognize ferdinand king of naples. sent letter convince skanderbeg pull men out of italy arguing ferdinand s fortunes hopeless, skanderbeg s fame die out after supposed debacle, , alliance rené more rewarding alliance ferdinand. skanderbeg s letter in response, dated 10 october 1460, stated not condottieri looking fortune, mature man looking ally. furthermore, sent letter ferdinand assuring him loyalty. letter sent pius assuring him albanians fit battle in italy, italian rulers did not believe. letters elucidate skanderbeg s political motives behind italian expedition, presenting himself noble ally, , illustrate influence of renaissance in skanderbeg s court. served psychological purpose intimidate ferdinand s rivals: skanderbeg compared himself pyrrhus of epirus of antiquity marched italy defend greek city-states roman expansion.


neapolitan counteroffensive

by october 1460, ferdinand able recapture western territories capua beneventum. in eastern frontier, however, enemies remained @ large. dangerous among them piccinino. piccinino had undertaken task of blocking papal , neapolitan troops en route apulia. since roberto orsini, man left in charge of east , giovanni orsini s brother had remained loyal ferdinand, deemed incompetent, ferdinand invited constantine naples, offering him leading role in operation against piccinino. along constantine s cavalry, francesco del balzo, duke of andria had remained loyal ferdinand, managed defeat ercole d este in gargano. had control on custom-duties gathered there brought 30,000 ducats annually of piccinino s pay came. fighting continued 3 months after constantine , ferdinand able regain lost territory. piccinino prepared own counteroffensive, along giovanni orsini s men, laying siege main castles. fierce battle erupted on venosa on 28 may 1461 albanian cavalry took part. ferdinand abandoned city , fled apulia. near troia, met skanderbeg s ambassador, gjokë stres balsha, informed him skanderbeg ready land in italy proper galleys provided.








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