Functions Reptin

1 functions

1.1 cancer related functions
1.2 dna repair
1.3 developmental regulation
1.4 miscellaneous functions

functions

reptin involved in wide range of cell processes, can vary species species.

cancer related functions

reptin coordinates number of proteins involved in cancer , cancer suppression. these include telomerase, p53, , hint1. telomerase protein complex telomerase reverse transcriptase (tert), rna component (terc), dyskerin, binds terc, reptin, pontin, , number of other proteins, , both reptin , pontin have been shown key factors in telomerase assembly , activity. telomerase important factor in cancer because allows cancer cells divide indefinitely without cutting , destroying genomes, reptin promotes cancer in case.

the inhibition of p53 reptin occurs binding of reptin , agr2 p53 tetramer-forming domain. half of human cancer types have p53 inactivated, p53 functions prevent cancer , kill cancer cells in number of ways. hint1 tumor suppressing protein counteracts cancer inhibiting tcf-β-catenin complex function. complex enhances transcription of specific genes, including wnt1 , metastasis-associated protein kai1, , thereby causes cancer growth. accomplished when hint1 binds reptin, breaks β-catenin complex, suppressing transcription. complex differs complexes such ino80 , nua4 in reptin acts against function of pontin, promotes transcriptional activity β-catenin.

dna repair

reptin component of both ino80 , tip60/nua4 protein complexes, function in repairing dna double-stranded breaks. such breaks may lead cancer , other issues. researchers have found reptin highly important in several functions of both of these complexes. ino80 complex has been shown directly participate in both homologous recombination , non-homologous end joining processes fixing double stranded breaks. in addition, removes histones broken dna allow repair systems access. human ino80 activates genes resume replication fork action when replication fork stops @ double stranded break, , involved in process directly well. has been shown that, in absence of ino80, there more double stranded breaks during replication.

reptin component of nua4 protein complex, recruits , assists dna double stranded break repair systems via acetylation of histones h4 , h2a. both reptin , pontin essential acetylation function , structural formation of nua4 complex. repair stimulated nua4 homologous recombination.

developmental regulation

improper expression of developmental genes such wnt may contribute cancer; however, expression of developmental genes vital proper development. involvement of reptin in regulating wnt pathway makes important many processes wnt guides. through role part of chromatin modification complexes, reptin helps regulate gene expression altering packing of dna, can block transcription, realign transcription factors activate or inhibit gene expression, , perform various other regulatory tasks. reptin s role in β-catenin complex highly important regulation of transcription.

reptin component of polycomb repressive complex 1 (prc1), assists regulation of polycomb group proteins (pcg). in turn, pcg proteins regulate chromatin structure turn hox genes on , off, thereby regulating development of organism. reptin can have varying effects on pcg repression. example, in drosophila, reptin mutations affected multiple sex comb genes varying intensity, prc1-associated sex comb genes reptin mutations had no connection expression. generally, reptin , pontin have opposite effects on hox , pcg gene expression.

miscellaneous functions

in addition functions listed above, reptin used in surprising range , number of other cellular activities. in chlamydomonas reinhardtii, reptin shown indirect key factor in inducing flagellar repair. in addition, reptin directly participates in zebrafish kidney cilia motility binding lrrc6 in complex forming dynein arms in cilia. reptin plays part in synthesis of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins (snornp) process non-messenger rnas.

reptin participates in apoptosis signaling binding atpase p400 (swi2/domino) interacts apoptosis signal cascade. event occurs in nua4 protein complex.

one more function of reptin interaction heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), forms complex, r2tp. complex functions in processing snorna , assembling rna polymerase ii (rnap ii).