Spanish Civil War, Francoism era Spain

they shall not pass!... madrid graveyard of fascism. fascism on rise in europe during spanish civil war.

the spanish civil war broke out in 1936. 3 years nationalist forces led general francisco franco , supported nazi germany , fascist italy fought republican side, supported soviet union, mexico , international brigades not supported western powers due british-led policy of non-intervention. civil war viciously fought , there many atrocities committed sides. war claimed lives of on 500,000 people , caused flight of half-million citizens country. in 1939, general franco emerged victorious , became dictator.

francisco franco , dwight d. eisenhower (madrid 1959) in context of cold war. spain entered in united nations in 1955.

the state established under franco nominally neutral in second world war, although sympathetic axis. legal party under franco s post civil war regime falange española tradicionalista y de las jons, formed in 1937; party emphasised falangism, form of fascism emphasised anti-communism, nationalism , roman catholicism. given franco s opposition competing political parties, party renamed national movement (movimiento nacional) in 1949.

after world war ii spain politically , economically isolated, , kept out of united nations. changed in 1955, during cold war period, when became strategically important establish military presence on iberian peninsula counter possible move soviet union mediterranean basin. in 1960s, spain registered unprecedented rate of economic growth propelled industrialisation, mass internal migration rural areas cities , creation of mass tourism industry. franco s rule characterised authoritarianism, promotion of unitary national identity, favouring of conservative form of roman catholicism known national catholicism, , discriminatory language policies.